An early warning indicator of economic vulnerability constructing for Malaysian economy

Economic Annals-ХХI: Volume 149, Issue 3-4(1), Pages: 37-41

Citation information:
Shazali Abu Mansor, Chin-Hong Puah, Venus Khim-Sen Liew, & Shirly Siew-Ling Wong (2015). An early warning indicator of economic vulnerability constructing for Malaysian economy. Economic Annals-XXI, 3-4(1), 37-41. https://ea21journal.world/index.php/ea-v149-09/


Shazali Abu Mansor
PhD (Economics),
Professor,
University of Malaysia Sarawak
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
mshazali@feb.unimas.my

Venus Khim-Sen Liew
PhD (Economics),
Associate Professor,
University of Malaysia Sarawak
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
ksliew@feb.unimas.my

Chin-Hong Puah
PhD (Economics),
Associate Professor,
University of Malaysia Sarawak
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
chpuah@feb.unimas.my

Shirly Siew-Ling Wong
PhD Candidate (Economics),
University of Malaysia Sarawak
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
shirlywong87@hotmail.com

An early warning indicator of economic vulnerability constructing for Malaysian economy

Abstract. The initiative to capture the information content behind the rise and fall of the business cycle has popularized the study about leading indicators. Many of the foreign experiences shared by economically advanced countries evidently show that the leading indicators approach work well as a short-term forecasting tool. Thus, exploring into an indicator-based forecasting tool for business cycle analysis and economic risk monitoring, it would be an insightful move to the Malaysian economy as well as others emerging countries. By extending the ideology of indicator construction from the US NBER, the present study demonstrates a strong potential of the leading indicator approach to be a good gauge of the business cycle movement besides being a practically functional early warning indicator for economic vulnerability prediction.

Keywords: Business Cycle; Composite Leading Indicator; Early Warning Indicator; Turning Points

JEL Classіfіcatіon: E32; E37; C32; C43

Acknowledgement. The authors acknowledge the financial support of the University of Malaysia Sarawak and Exploratory Research Grant No ERGS/01(01)854/2012(06).

References

  1. Mitchell, W. C., & Burns, A. F. (1938). Statistical Indicators of Cyclical Revivals. New York: NBER.
  2. Burns, A. F., & Mitchell, W. C. (1946). Measuring Business Cycles. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.
  3. Phillips, K. R. (1998). The Composite Index of Leading Economic Indicators: A Comparison of Approaches. Journal of Economic and Social Measurement, 25(3-4), 141-162.
  4. Yap, M. M. C. (2009). Assessing Malaysia’s Business Cycle Indicators. Monash University, Discussion Paper, No. 04/09.
  5. Wong, S. S. L., Abu Mansor, S., Puah, C. H., & Liew, V. K. S. (2013). Forecasting Malaysian Business Cycle Movement. In Emerging Market and Financial Resilience, eds., C. H. Hooy, & Ruhani Ali, pp. 36-43. UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
  6. Zhang, W. D., & Zhuang, J. Z. (2004). Leading Indicators of Business Cycles in Malaysia and the Philippines. Darby: DIANE Publishing Company.
  7. Neftci, S. N. (1982). Optimal Prediction in Cyclical Downturn. Journal of Economic Dynamic and Control, 4(1), 225-241.
  8. The Conference Board. (2000). Business Cycle Indicators Handbook. New York: The Conference Board.
  9. Diebold F. X., & Rudebusch, G. D. (1989). Scoring the Leading Indicators. Journal of Business, 60, 369-391.
  10. Herrera, S., & Garcia, C. (1999). User’s Guide to an Early Warning System for Macroeconomic Vulnerability in Latin American Countries. Policy Research Dissemination Center, Policy Research Working Paper, No. 2233.
  11. Bodart, V., Kholodilin K. A., & Shadman-Mehta, F. (2003). Dating and Forecasting the Belgian Business Cycle. Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES), Discussion Paper, No. 0318.
  12. Kholodilin, K. A., & Siliverstovs, B. (2006). On the Forecasting Properties of the Alternative Leading Indicators for the German GDP: Recent Evidence. Journal of Economics and Statistics, 226(3), 234-259.
  13. Schirwitz, B. (2009). A Comprehensive German Business Cycle Chronology. Empirical Economics, 37(2), 287-301.
  14. Everhart, S. S., & Duval-Hernandez, R. (2001). Short-term Macro Monitoring: Leading Indicator Construction-Mexico. Georgia State University, Andrew Young School of Policy Studies, Working Paper, No. 01-8.
  15. Mohanty, J., Singh, B., & Jain, R. (2003). Business Cycles and Leading Indicators of Industrial Activity in India. Reserve Bank of India Occasional Papers, 21(2-3), 235-269.
  16. Atabek, A., Cosar, E. E., & Sahinoz, S. (2005). A New Composite Leading Indicator for Turkish Economic Activity. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 41(1), 45-64.
  17. Du Plessis, S. A. (2006). Business Cycles in Emerging Market Economies: A New View of the Stylized Facts. Department of Economics, Stellenbosh University. Working Paper, No. 2/2006.
  18. Bascos-Deveza, T. (2006). Early Warning System on the Macroeconomy Identification of Business Cycles in the Philippines. Bangko Sentral Review, January, 7-16.
  19. Zalewski, K. (2009). Forecasting Turning Points with Composite Leading Indicators – The Case of Poland. Ekonomia Journal, 24, 61-93.
  20. Issler, J. V., Notini, H. H., & Rodrigues, C. F. (2012). Constructing Coincident and Leading Indices of Economic Activity for the Brazilian Economy. Graduate School of Economics, Getulio Vargas Foundation, Working Paper, No. 714.
  21. Hodrick, R., & Prescott, E. (1997). Postwar U.S. Business Cycles: An Empirical Investigation. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 29(1), 1-16.
  22. Artis, M. J., Bladen-Hovell, R. C., & Zhang, W. (1995). Turning Points in the International Business Cycle: An Ex Post Analysis of the OECD Leading Indicators Series for the G-7 Countries. OECD Economic Studies, 24(1), 125-165.
  23. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). (2001). OECD Composite Leading Indicators: A Tool for Short-Term Analysis. France: OECD.
  24. European Central Bank (2001). The Information Content of Composite Indicators of the Euro Area Business Cycle. ECB Monthly Bulletin, pp. 39-50. Germany: ECB.
  25. Gandolfo, G. (1981). Qualitative Analysis and Econometric Estimation of Continuous Time Dynamic Models. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Company.
  26. Moore, G. H., & Zarnowitz, V. (1986). The Development and Role of the National Bureau of Economic Research: Business Cycle Chronologies. In The American Business Cycle: Continuity and Change, ed, R. A. Gordon. US: University of Chicago Press for NBER.
  27. Ahmad, N. (2003). Malaysia economic indicators: Leading, Coincident And Lagging Indicators. Paper presented at the Workshop on Composite Leading Indicators and Business Tendency Surve. Bangkok.
  28. Everhart, S. S., & Duval-Hernandez, R. (2000). Leading Indicator Project: Lithuania. Policy Research Dissemination Center, Policy Research Working Paper, No. 2365.
  29. Sussmuth, B., & Woitek, U. (2004). Business Cycles and Comovement in Mediterranean Economies. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 40(6), 7-27.
  30. Kranendonk, H., Bonenkamp, J., & Verbuggen, J. (2005), A Leading Indicator for the Dutch Economy: Methodological and Empirical Revision of the CPB System. Info Survey Data in Business Cycle and Monetary Policy Analysis, eds., J.E. Sturm, & T. Wollmershauser. Germany, Berlin: Physica-Verlag HD.
  31. Klucik, M., & Haluska, J. (2008). Construction of Composite Leading Indicator for the Slovak Economy. Scientific Annals of the «Alexandru Ioan Cuza» University of Lasi – Economic Sciences Section, 55 (November), 363-370.
  32. Polasek, W. (2010). Dating and Exploration of the Business Cycle in Iceland. The Rimini Centre for Economic Analysis, Working Paper, No. 10-13.
  33. Niemira, P. M., & Klein, P. A. (1994). Forecasting Financial and Economic Cycles. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  34. Bry, G., & Boschan, C. (1971). Cyclical Analysis of Time Series: Selected Procedures and Computer Programs. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.
  35. Greer, M. (2003). Directional Accuracy Tests of Long-Term Interest Rate Forecast. Journal of Forecasting, 19(2), 293-498.

Received 2.03.2015