Labour migration in Central Asia. Economic factors of influence

Economic Annals-ХХI: Volume 184, Issue 7-8, Pages: 38-48

Citation information:
Lipková, L., Brocková, K., & Baleha, A. (2020). Labour migration in Central Asia. Economic factors of influence. Economic Annals-XXI, 184(7-8), 38-48. doi: https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.V184-04

Ľudmila Lipkova
D.Sc. (Economics),
Professor,
Head, Department of International Economic Relations and Economic Diplomacy,
Faculty of International Relations,
University of Economics in Bratislava
1 Dolnozemska cesta Str., Bratislava, 852 35, Slovak Republic
ludmila.lipkova@euba.sk

Katarina Brockova
PhD (International Relations),
LL.M.,
Associate Professor,
Head, Department of International Law,
Faculty of International Relations,
University of Economics in Bratislava
1 Dolnozemska cesta Str., Bratislava, 852 35, Slovak Republic
katarina.brockova@euba.sk
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4681-2018

Andrianna Baleha
PhD Student (Economics),
Faculty of International Relations,
University of Economics in Bratislava
1 Dolnozemska cesta Str., Bratislava, 852 35, Slovak Republic
andrianna.baleha@euba.sk
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5460-768X

Labour migration in Central Asia. Economic factors of influence

Abstract. The main hypothesis of our research is: low wages, low GDP per capita, and high unemployment are push motives for labour migration in Central Asia. By analyzing the available statistics, we did not find a correlation between these economic indicators and the number of labour emigrants. Also, a comparative analysis of the development trend of personal remittances of labour migrants and the dependence of the economy of Central Asian countries on these remittances was carried out. It is determined that the economies of Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan are 30% dependent on the remittances of labour migrants, which in the World Bank rating for this indicator raises them to the first positions among other countries of the world.

Keywords: Emigration; Work Migration; Remittance; Central Asia; Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Kyrgyz Republic

JEL Classification: F22; F24; J21; J61

Acknowledgements and Funding: The authors received no direct funding for this research.

Contribution: The authors contributed equally to this work.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.V184-04

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Received 11.02.2020
Received in revised form 2.04.2020
Accepted 6.04.2020
Available online 10.09.2020