Relationship between the leadership style and organizational performance in Hungary
Economic Annals-ХХI: Volume 190, Issue 5-6(2), Pages: 128-135
Citation information:
Karacsony, P. (2021). Relationship between the leadership style and organizational performance in Hungary. Economic Annals-XXI, 190(5-6(2)), 128-135. doi: https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.V190-12
Peter Karacsony
PhD (Economics),
Associate Professor,
Faculty of Economics and Informatics,
J. Selye University
3322 Bratislavská cesta Str., Komarno, 94501, Slovak Republic
karacsonyp@ujs.sk
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7559-0488
Relationship between the leadership style and organizational performance in Hungary
Abstract. Effective leadership is one of the most essential tools for an organization to sustain its business in the face of problems caused by the global economic environment. Successful managers can influence their employees and motivate them for strengthening organizational performance. The effective leadership style as a unique way of integrating employees with the organization to achieve its vision or goals. The current study provides a deeper insight into the factors of effective leadership style of organizations. The research paper is seeking to examine the relationship of leadership style and organizational performance by quantitative analysis of 376 participants in Hungary. The results showed a correlation between the dimensions of leadership style and organizational performance. It was also found that leadership style predicted organizational performance, which meant a 29% variance in performance. The findings of this study may assist current and future managers who are seeking to improve organizational effectiveness.
Keywords: Hungary; Leadership Style; Manager; Organizational Performance; SME
JEL Classification: D23; J53; M12; O15; J24
Acknowledgements and Funding: The publication of this article was funded by the Pallas Athéné Foundations.
Contribution: The author contributed personally to this work.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.V190-12
References
- Adeyemi, T. O. (2010). Principals leadership styles and teachers job performance in senior secondary schools in Ondo State, Nigeria. International Journal of Educational Administration and Policy Studies, 2(6), 83-91.
https://academicjournals.org/article/article1379413061_Adeyemi.pdf - Armstrong, M. (2012). Armstrong’s handbook of management and leadership: developing effective people skills for better leadership and management. Kogan Page Publishers.
- Avolio, B. J., Bass, B. M., & Jung, D. I. (1999). Re-Examining the Components of Transformational and Transactional Leadership Using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 72(4), 441-462.
https://doi.org/10.1348/096317999166789 - Barabás, R., Filep, B., Komlósi, I. L., & Kovács, Zs. (2017). The Cooperation of Elephants and Racing Horses: Harmonizing Organizational Cultures in Dynamic City. In Ovidiu, Matiu (szerk.) Cities: The Fabric of Cultural Memories. Confrontation or Dialog? (pp. 19-27). Proceedings of the Tenth Interdisciplinary Conference of the University Network of the European Capitals of Culture. UNEECC Forum Volume 9. Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu Press, Romania.
- Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. Free Press.
- Bennis, W. (1994). An Invented Life: Reflections on Leadership. Perseus Books Group.
- Bhargavi, S., & Yaseen, A. (2016). Leadership Styles and Organizational Performance. Strategic Management Quarterly, 4(1), 87-117.
http://smqnet.com/journals/smq/Vol_4_No_1_March_2016/5.pdf - Daft, R. L. (2000). Organization, Theory and Design (7th ed.). Thomson Learning USA: South-Western College Publishing
- De Hoogh, A. H., Greer, L. L., & Den Hartog, D. N. (2015). Diabolical dictators or capable commanders? An investigation of the differential effects of autocratic leadership on team performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 26(5), 687-701.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2015.01.001 - Delbecq, A. L. (1963). Bureaucracy, Leadership Style and Decision-Making. Academy of Management Proceedings, 1963(1), 14-38.
https://doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.1963.5068037 - Denning, S. (2018). The challenges of leadership in the age of agile. Leader to Leader, 89, 20-25.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ltl.20371 - Dess, G. G., & Robinson, R. B. (1984). Measuring organizational performance in the absence of objective measures: The case of the privately held firm and conglomerate business unit. Strategic Management Journal, 5(3), 265-73.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2486280 - Dimitrios, N. K., Sakas, D. P., & Vlachos, D. S. (2013). Analysis of Strategic Leadership Simulation Models in Non-profit Organizations. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 73, 276-284.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.02.053 - Dixon, M. L., & Hart, L. K. (2010). The impact of path-goal leadership styles on work group effectiveness and turnover intention. Journal of Managerial Issues, 22(1), 52-69.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261738212_The_Impact_of_Path-Goal_Leadership_Styles_on_Work_Group_Effectiveness_and_Turnover_Intention - Dobbs, M. D. (2004). Some thoughts about Nonprofit Leadership. Jossey-Bass.
- Drucker, P. F. (1993). The Effective Executive. Division of Harper Collins Publishers, Inc.
- Fayol, H. (1949). General and Industrial Administration. Sir Issac Pitman & Sons, London.
- Fiedler, F. E. (1967). A Theory of Leadership Effectiveness. McGraw-Hill.
- Ganta, V. C., & Manukonda, J. K. (2014). Leadership During Change and Uncertainty in Organizations. International Journal of Organizational Behaviour & Management Perspectives, 3(3), 1179-1183.
- Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R. E., & McKee, A. (2013). Primal leadership: Unleashing the power of emotional intelligence. Harvard Business Press.
- Grуnko, T., & Gviniashvili, T. (2017). Organisational and economic mechanism of business entities’ innovative development management. Economic Annals-ХХI, 165(5-6), 80-83.
https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.v165-17 - Karácsony, P. (2019). The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Environmental Sustainability. In Behnassi, M., Gupta, H., Pollmann, O. (Eds.), Human and Environmental Security in the Era of Global Risks Perspectives from Africa, Asia and the Pacific Islands: Perspectives from Africa, Asia and the Pacific Islands, (pp. 377-386). Springer International Publishing.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92828-9 - Keller, R. T. (2006). Transformational leadership, initiating structure & substitutes for leadership: A longitudinal study of research & development project team performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(1), 202-210.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.91.1.202 - Klein, A. S., Cooke, R. A., & Wallis, J. (2013). The impact of leadership styles on organizational culture and firm effectiveness: An empirical study. Journal of Management & Organization, 19(3), 241-254.
- Kotter, J. P. (1990). A force for change: How leadership differs from management. Free Press.
- Kotter, J. P. (2009). What leaders really do. IEEE Engineering Management Review, 37(3), 18-28.
https://doi.org/10.1109/emr.2009.5235494 - Lepeyko, T., & Batkhuu, G. (2017). Asian leadership model: a case of Mongolia. Economic Annals-ХХI, 165(5-6), 19-22.
https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.v165-04 - Lewin, K., Lippitt, R., & White, R. K. (1939). Patterns of Aggressive Behavior in Experimentally Created «Social Climates». The Journal of Social Psychology, 10(2), 269-299.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1939.9713366 - Li, B., Fan, X., Álvarez-Otero, S., Sial, M. S., Comite, U., Cherian, J., & Vasa, L. (2021). CSR and Workplace Autonomy as Enablers of Workplace Innovation in SMEs through Employees: Extending the Boundary Conditions of Self-Determination Theory. Sustainability, 13(11), 6104.
- MacKenzie, S. B., Podsakoff, P. M., & Rich, G. A. (2001). Transformational and transactional leadership and salesperson performance. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 29, 115-134.
https://doi.org/10.1177/03079459994506 - Muldoon, J., Keough, S. M., & Lovett, S. (2018). The mediating role of workplace attitudes on the leader-member exchange – Turnover intention relationship. The Psychologist -Manager Journal, 21(4), 229-248.
https://doi.org/10.1037/mgr0000079 - Mullins, L. J. (2000). Management and Organisational Behavior. Pitman Publishers.
- Németh, K., & Dőry, T. (2019). Influencing factors of innovation performance in family firms – Based on an empirical research. Vezetéstudomány (Leadership Science), 50(5), 58-71.
https://doi.org/10.14267/VEZTUD.2019.05.06 - Northouse, G. P. (2007). Leadership: Theory and Practice. Thousand Oaks, Sage Publications.
- Nwokocha, I., & Iheriohanma, E. B. J. (2015). Nexus between Leadership Styles, Employee Retention and Performance in Organizations in Nigeria. European Scientific Journal, 11(13), 186-209.
https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/236407206.pdf - O’Reilly, Ch. A., Caldwell, D. F., Chatman, J. A., Lapiz, M., & Self, W. (2010). How leadership matters: The effects of leadership on strategy implementation. Leadership Quarterly, 21(1), 104-113.
- Oláh, J., Gy, K., Máté, D., Grabara, J. K., & Popp, J. (2017). The effect of acquisition moves on income, pre-tax profits and future strategy of logistics firms. Journal of International Studies, 10(4), 233-245.
https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2017/10-4/18 - Oláh, J., Sadaf, R., Máté, D., & Popp, J. (2018). The influence of the management success factors of logistics service providers on firms’ competitiveness. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 17(1), 175-193.
https://doi.org/10.17512/pjms.2018.17.1.15 - Otieno, B. B. A., Waiganjo, E. W., & Njeru, A. (2015). Effect of employee engagement on organization performance in Kenya’s Horticultural Sector. International Journal of Business Administration, 6(2), 12-23.
https://doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v6n2p77 - Peterson, R. S., Smith, B. D., Martorana, P. V., & Owens, P. D. (2003). The Impact of Chief Executive Officer Personality on Top Management Team Dynamics: One Mechanism by Which Leadership Affects Organizational Performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 795-808.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.795 - Polston-Murdoch, L. (2013). An Investigation of Path-Goal Theory, Relationship of Leadership Style, Supervisor-Related Commitment, and Gender Leana. Emerging Leadership Journeys, 6(1), 13-44.
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/An-Investigation-of-Path-Goal-Theory-,-Relationship-Polston-Murdoch/dc3f978740102e6779dec7dd5e657506d17b0994 - Puni, A., Ofei, S. B., & Okoe, A. (2014). The Effect of Leadership Styles on Firm Performance in Ghana. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 6(1), 177-185.
https://doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v6n1p177 - Ricardo, R., & Wade, D. (2001). Corporate Performance Management: How to Build a Better Organization through Measurement Driven Strategies Alignment. Butterworth Heinemann.
- Robbins, S. P., & Coulter, M. (2007). Management. Prentice-Hall.
- Rowe, W. G., Cannella, Jr. A. A., Rankin, D., & Gorman, D. (2005). Leader succession & organizational performance: Integrating the common-sense, ritual scapegoating & vicious-circle succession theories. The leadership Quarterly, 16(2), 197-219.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.01.001 - Smerek, L., & Šurinčíková, M. (2020). Perception of leadership in Slovakia. Acta Oeconomica Universitatis Selye, 9(2), 93-105.
https://doi.org/10.36007/Acta.2020.9.2.7 - Stoner, J. A. F., Freeman, R. E., & Gilbert, D. R. (1995). Management (6th ed.). Prentice Hall International.
- Tannenbaum, R., & Schmidt, W. H. (1973). How to Choose a Leadership Pattern. Harvard Business Review, 162-180.
https://canvas.harvard.edu/courses/4067/files/761725/download?verifier=FJV0iEu58w030YiLVWNAIUNJ3s8qFYiQtaq2GrZw&wrap=1 - Varney, Sh. (2008). Leadership learning: key to organizational transformation. Strategic HR Review, 7(4), 5-10.
https://doi.org/10.1108/14754390810880471 - Vasa, L., & Mendelényi, D. (2010). Leadership Principles at a Regional Company of A Multinational Corporation. In: Global Management Conference «Second Annual Conference on Globalization, Sustainability and Development», (pp. 276-293). Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary.
- Wang, F.-J., Shieh, Ch.-J., & Tang, M.-L. (2010). Effect of Leadership Style on Organizational Performance as Viewed from Human Resources Management Strategy. African Journal of Business Management, 18(4), 3924-3936.
https://academicjournals.org/journal/AJBM/article-full-text-pdf/0B1696A16102 - Weiss, W. H. (2004). Effective leadership: What are the requisites? Supervision, 65(1), 14-17.
- Yammarino, F. J., Spangler, W. D., & Dubinsky, A. J. (1998). Transformational and contingent reward leadership: Individual, dyad, and group levels of analysis. The Leadership Quarterly, 9(1), 27-54.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(98)90041-8
Received 24.04.2021
Received in revised form 26.05.2021
Accepted 3.06.2021
Available online 10.07.2021