Economic Annals-XXI: Volume 200, Issue (11-12), Pages: 41-51

Citation information:
Astanakulov, O., Goyipnazarov, S., & Nasurova, K. (2022). The study of pilgrimage in aspects of the economy of tourism organization. Economic Annals-XXI, 200(11-12), 42-54. doi: https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.V200-07


Olim Astanakulov
D.Sc. (Economics),
Professor,
International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan (IIAU)
11 Abdulla Kodiri Str., Tashkent, 100011, Uzbekistan
astanakulov@gmail.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0536-1214

Goyipnazarov Sanjar
PhD (Economics),
Associate Professor,
Tashkent State University of Economics (TSUE)
49 Islam Karimov Str., Tashkent, 100066, Uzbekistan
s.goyipnazarov@tsue.uz
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8818-5251

Kamolakhon Nasurova
PhD Student (Economics),
Tashkent Financial Institute (TFI)
60 A, Temur Str., Tashkent, 100000, Uzbekistan
nasurovakamola1972@gmail.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8149-9875

The study of pilgrimage in aspects of the economy of tourism organization

Abstract. The relevance of the work. At the beginning of the XXI century, when the service sector becomes a priority, various types of tourism are actively developing. Among them, religious tourism also occupies a worthy place, which, in our opinion, is a promising area of research. All over the world there are a huge number of religious buildings that are distinguished by historical, cultural and sacred and artistic attractiveness. Sacred objects can be visited all year round, regardless of weather conditions, religion, political ambitions and other reasons.

Religious tourism as a scientific direction requires a theoretical basis and the development of a methodological base.

The purpose of the work is economic analysis of religious tourism as part of tourism system with a special accent on Turkey.

One of the most significant findings relates to the efficacy of integrated development plans initiated by the Turkish government for the Antalya region. This rational policy has led to a substantial increase in state revenues from the tourism industry, tallying at USD 33.3 billion in 1987. The study elucidates how the strategic regulation of foreign investment through integrated plans has not only optimized state revenues but also sustainably developed these resort towns into significant tourism hubs. The global pilgrimage tourism economy has been burgeoning as well, with a CAGR of approximately 8% from 2010-2020, reaching a net market valuation of around USD 60 billion. When dissected further, the data reveal that accommodation services constitute about 30% of the total revenue generated, followed by transportation services at 25%, and miscellaneous expenditures covering the remaining 45%. It unambiguously demonstrates that with meticulous planning and strategic investment, pilgrimage tourism has the potential to become a cornerstone in the diversification and enrichment of national and global tourism economies.

Keywords: Economics; Religion; Pelgrim; Reseach; Analysis; Tourism System; Turkey; Islam

JEL Classification: I10; P46

Acknowledgements and Funding: The authors received no direct funding for this research.

Contribution: The authors contributed personally to this work.

Data Availability Statement: All data will be available upon request.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.V200-07

References

  1. Albayrak, T., Herstein, R., Caber, M., Drori, N., Bideci, M., & Berger, R. (2018). Exploring religious tourist experiences in Jerusalem: The intersection of Abrahamic religions. Tourism Management, 69, 285-296.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j. tourman.2018.06.022
  2. Anadolu Medical Center. (2022). Official web-site.
    https://www.anadolumedicalcenter.com
  3. Andrews, D. W. K. (2013). Tests for Parameter Instability and Structural Change with Unknown Change Point. Econometrica, 61(4), 821-856.
    https://doi.org/10.2307/2951764
  4. Bar, D., & Cohen-Hattab, K. (2003). A new kind of pilgrimage: The modern tourist pilgrim of nineteenth century and early twentieth century Palestine. Middle Eastern Studies, 39(2), 131-148.
    https://doi.org/10.1080/714004511
  5. Collins-Kreiner, N. (2020). Pilgrimage tourism-past, present and future rejuvenation: a perspective article. Tourism Review, 75(1), 145-148.
    https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-04-2019-0130
  6. Diyah, I. A. & Wijaya, T. (2017). Determinant Factors of Purchase Intention on Green Product. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 15(1), 54-62.
    https://doi.org/10.18202/jam23026332.15.1.07
  7. Graave, E. J. E., Klijs, J., & Heijman, W. (2017). The Economic Impact of Pilgrimage: An economic impact analysis of pilgrimage expenditures in Galicia. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 5( 3), 7.
    https://arrow.dit.ie/ijrtp/vol5/iss3/7
  8. Hüseyni, İ., Doru, Ö. & Tunç, A. (2017). The effects of tourism revenues on economic growth in the context of neo-classical growth model: in the case of turkey. Ecoforum Journal, 6(1),
    https://www.researchgate.net/ publication/314081484_the_effects_of_tourism_revenues_on_
    economic_growth_in_the_context_of_neoclassical_ growth_model_in_the_case_of_turkey
  9. Jackowski , A., Ptaszycka-Jackowska, D., & Sołjan, I. (2002). The World System of Pilgrimage Centres. Tourizm, 12(2), 51-63.
    http://doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.12.2.07
  10. Joint Commission International. (2022a). Search for JCI-Accredited Organizations. Turkey.
    https://www.jointcommissioninternational.org/who-we-are/accredited-organizations/#sort=%40aoname%20ascending&f:@aocountry=[Turkey]
  11. Joint Commission International. (2022b). Search for JCI-Accredited Organizations. Thailand India.
    https://www.jointcommissioninternational.org/who-we-are/accredited-organizations/#sort=%40aoname%20ascending&f:@aocountry=[Thailand,India]
  12. Kim, B., Kim, S., & King, B. (2020). Religious Tourism Studies: Evolution, Progress, and Future Prospects. Tourism Recreation Research, 45(2), 185-203.
    https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2019.1664084
  13. Klijs, J. (2016). Tourism, income, and jobs: improving the measurement of regional economic impacts of tourism (Doctoral dissertation, Wageningen University).
    http://edepot.wur.nl/369934
  14. Liebelt, C. (2010). Contemporary Geographies of Leisure, Tourism and Mobility, 36(3), 245-253.
  15. Lopez, L., Lois González, R. C., & Fernández, B. M. C. (2017) Spiritual tourism on the way of Saint James the current situation. Tourism Management Perspectives, 24, 225-234.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2017.07.015
  16. Lumen Gentium. (1964). Dogmatic constitution on the church.
    https://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/
    vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html
  17. Oktavio, A., & Indrianto, A. T. L. (2019). Social Economic Perspectives of Homecoming Tradition: An Indonesian Context. Journal of KATHA, 15(1), 46-65.
    https://doi.org/10.22452/katha.vol15no1.3
  18. Pazos, A. M. (ed.). (2014). Redefining Pilgrimage. New Perspectives on Historical and Contemporary Pilgrimages. Farnham: Ashgate.
  19. Pirzada, N. (2022). The Expansion of Turkey’s Medical Tourism Industry. Voices in Bioethics, 8.
    https://doi.org/10.52214/vib.v8i.9894
  20. Romanelli, M., Gazzola, P., Grechi, D., & Pollice, F. (2021). Towards a Sustainability-oriented Religious Tourism. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 38(3), 386-96.
    https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.2791
  21. Roszak, P., & Tomasz, H. (2022). The Challenging Future of Pilgrimage after the Pandemic: New Trends in Pilgrimage to Compostela. Religions, 13(6), 523.
    https://doi.org/10.3390/rel13060523
  22. Rutherford, I. (2001). Tourism and the Sacred. Pausanias and the Traditions of Greek Pilgrimage. In Alcock, S., Cherry, J. & Elsner, J. (Eds.) Pausanias: Travel and Memory in Roman Greece (pp. 40-52). New York: Oxford University Press.
  23. Shahzad, S. J. H., Shahbaz, M., Ferrer, R., & Kumar, R. R. (2017). Tourism-led growth hypothesis in the top ten tourist destinations: New evidence using the quantile-on-quantile approach. Tourism Management, 60, 223-232.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.12.006
  24. Strydom, W. F. (2018). Applying The Theory of Planned Behavior to Recycling Behavior in South Africa. Recycling, 3(3), 43.
    https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling3030043
  25. TC Sivas Governorship. (2022). Kangal Balikli Spa.
    http://www.sivas.gov.tr/kangal-balikli-kaplica
  26. Tugcu, C. T. (2014). Tourism and Economic Growth Nexus Revisited: A Panel Causality Analysis for the Case of the Mediterranean Region. Tourism Management, 42, 207-212.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.12.007
  27. Worlddata. (2021). Tourism in Turkey.
    https://www.worlddata.info/asia/turkey/tourism.php

Received 10.06.2022
Received in revised form 22.07.2022
Accepted 26.10.2022
Available online 28.12.2022